Back of a hoplite shield3/21/2023 ![]() ![]() I believe my findings indicate that we should move on from outdated, structuralist scholarship, which previously viewed the ephebeia as an essentially unchanged ritual, towards seeing the ephebeia as something that was constantly adapting over time and provided a combination of training for creating an adult, a citizen and a soldier – these terms are virtually synonymous in Ancient Greece.įrom Herakles’ slaying of the Nemean lion, which is portrayed in a fashion similar to wrestling on Attic vases, to literary references to athletic competition as a substitute for single combat, to the presence of Ares and Agōn side by side on the ivory and gold table at Olympia where the victors’ wreaths were kept, competition and combat have a long relationship and history of tension in Greek myth and culture. I approached the subject by researching both ancient and modern sources, using them to make my own interpretations and to cast new light on the subject. My last chapter investigates how the ephebeia prepared boys from manhood, and what their ideals of manhood were. ![]() ![]() I also explored how the ephebeia prepared boys for citizenship, how they worked together, and what their concept of polis and chora was, as well as looking at symbolic representations of citizenship. First, I studied the institution from a military viewpoint, looking at how the ephebes trained and how important polis defence was to them, all the while seeing how this changed over time. My title is: What was the main purpose of the ephebeia: to become a citizen, a rite of manhood or a preparation for warfare? To explore this question, I examined the institution of the ephebeia, principally the well-known Athenian ephebeia but also other Hellenic examples, with three aspects in mind and in chronological order. The premise of this study was to ascertain the exact purpose of the ephebeia, through three key aspects, spanning from its Classical roots in the 4th century BC, through the Hellenistic era and into the Imperial Roman period, eventually ending sometime in the 4th century AD. Greece, Hoplite, Phalanx, Shield, Footwork, Spacing, History, Military, Warfare As with any modern recreation, a certain amount of guesswork is involved the current effort, however, will have the advantage of providing firsthand observations that supply simple and rational explanations of practical phalanx mechanics as a means to shed light on preexisting sources. It is hoped that the current investigation will provide fresh insight into such details by combining a survey of existing sources with hands on experience, in this case by actually going out and arming a volunteer phalanx on a small scale to see what is both possible and practical. Passages penned by a number of period (or near period) authors that potentially shed light on such these points remain under debate to this day. The stance which individuals took and how far apart they stood from their compatriots, the position in which the held their weapons, could the second or third ranks engage the enemy and if the hoplite shield provided physical cover to the soldier on one's immediate left are details that have remained largely unexplored. ![]() Yet despite this, there is a relatively poor understanding of how a phalanx actually worked. Almost every conceivable detail of its organization, supply, evolution and social effects has been covered many times over. Just spam Soul Arrow at them until they're dead.Hoplite Phalanx Mechanics: Investigation of Footwork, Spacing and Shield Coverage Karl Randall (Kyungsung Universtiy) The Greek phalanx has been a subject of study for generations of both historians and military tacticians alike.
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